MATTM | Bioderivates for Diesel Engines
The BIODIET project, led by Chemtex with the participation of Politecnico di Torino, E-Cube, and Spike Renewables, developed new bio-additives derived from lignocellulosic biomass with the goal of reducing diesel engine emissions in urban areas. The initiative included the selection of oxygenated compounds from second-generation sugars, their synthesis, and testing in blends with standard diesel fuel.
Within the consortium, Spike Renewables coordinated the entire LCA assessment, applying the methodology required by the European RED Directive and integrating experimental data, agronomic inventories, energy models, and international emission factors. The work considered all relevant stages: biomass cultivation, industrial conversion, energy and reagent consumption, residue management, and contributions from co-products. The technical report prepared by SPIKE provides the complete methodological framework, system boundaries, and emission factors used.
The analysis of second-generation bioethanol obtained from Arundo donax showed an overall impact of 29.65 gCO₂eq/MJ, with a 65% reduction in emissions compared to fossil diesel. The LCA and inventory highlighted the decisive role of cultivation, process thermal energy, and the use of lignin as a renewable fuel, which significantly improves the emission balance. The diesel–bioadditive blends analyzed in the study confirmed measurable benefits even at low substitution percentages.
For second-generation farnesane, SPIKE developed a prospective assessment based on first-generation data and on a lignocellulosic supply chain similar to that of bioethanol. The estimated impact is 26.82 gCO₂eq/MJ, corresponding to a 68% saving compared to diesel. Although the technology was at an early stage, the analysis provided essential insights for future process optimization.
Spike’s contribution to the LCA made it possible to rigorously quantify the environmental benefits of the BIODIET bio-additives, supporting both the project’s technical decisions and the verification of their compliance with European sustainability standards. The experience gained represents a reference point for the development of new advanced biofuels and for integrating sustainability into emerging energy supply chains.